cognitive dissonance

cognitive dissonance
pažinimo disonansas statusas T sritis švietimas apibrėžtis Asmenybės būsena, atsirandanti dėl žinojimo, įsitikinimų ir veiklos bei elgesio prieštaravimų. Esant pažinimo disonanso būsenai, išgyvenamas vidinis nepatogumas (diskomfortas) arba konfliktas. Pvz., mokinys žino, kad draudžiama be priežasties praleidinėti pamokas, bėgti iš jų, rūkyti, bet jis tai daro. Kokie motyvai skatina jį taip elgtis? Kodėl jis pasirenka blogesnį elgesio variantą? Šie klausimai svarbūs pedagogui praktikui ir teoretikui. Pažinimo disonanso psichologijos kūrėjas – L. Festingeris. Mokinys ar pedagogas būdamas pažinimo disonanso būsenos siekia konsonanso – išlyginti nepatogumą, atkurti pusiausvyrą. Tam naudojami įvairūs būdai: veikti trukdančios alternatyvos atmetimas; prieštaringų alternatyvų palyginimas (įsitikinama, kad esamos galimybės nėra blogos); pasirenkamos alternatyvos patrauklumo stiprinimas, pvz., nutariama, kad garbinga bėgti iš pamokos, ir pan. Ilgas pažinimo disonanso būsenos išgyvenimas neigiamai veikia darnios asmenybės vystymąsi. kilmė lot. cognitio – žinojimas, dissonus – nesuderintas atitikmenys: angl. cognitive dissonance rus. когнитивный диссонанс

Enciklopedinis edukologijos žodynas. 2007.

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  • Cognitive dissonance — cognitive dissonance …   Dictionary of sociology

  • cognitive dissonance — cog‧ni‧tive dis‧so‧nance [ˌkɒgntɪv ˈdɪsnəns ǁ ˌkɑːg ] noun [uncountable] MARKETING HUMAN RESOURCES when someone s behaviour goes completely against their beliefs: • The cognitive dissonance between the act of firing someone and the manager s… …   Financial and business terms

  • cognitive dissonance — n psychological conflict resulting from simultaneously held incongruous beliefs and attitudes (as a fondness for smoking and a belief that it is harmful) * * * anxiety or other unpleasant feelings resulting from a lack of agreement between a… …   Medical dictionary

  • cognitive dissonance — 1957, developed and apparently coined by U.S. social psychologist Leon Festinger (1919 1989) …   Etymology dictionary

  • cognitive dissonance — n. the confused mental condition that results from holding incongruous, often mutually contradictory, beliefs simultaneously …   English World dictionary

  • Cognitive dissonance — The Fox and the Grapes by Aesop. When the fox fails to reach the grapes, he decides he does not want them after all. This is an example of adaptive preference formation, which serves to reduce cognitive dissonance.[1] …   Wikipedia

  • Cognitive Dissonance — The unpleasant emotion that results from believing two contradictory things at the same time. The study of cognitive dissonance is one of the most widely followed fields in social psychology. Cognitive dissonance can lead to irrational decision… …   Investment dictionary

  • cognitive dissonance — A major cognitive theory propounded by in A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1957). The theory addresses competing, contradictory, or opposing elements of cognition and behaviour: for example, why do people continue smoking, when they know that… …   Dictionary of sociology

  • cognitive dissonance — A state of mental conflict caused by a difference between a consumer s expectations of a product and its actual performance. As expectations are largely formed by advertising, dissonance may be reduced by making only realistic and consistent… …   Big dictionary of business and management

  • cognitive dissonance — Term introduced by the American psychologist Leon Festinger (1919– ), whose Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1957) directed interest to the ways in which the drive to reduce ‘dissonance’, or the sense that something is wrong in one s system of… …   Philosophy dictionary

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